Time of potato plant harvest in soilless cultivation for screening phosphorus use efficient genotypes
Darlene Sausen1, Ivan Ricardo Carvalho2, Franciele Antônia Neis1, Suzi Cerezer Uliana1, Ritieli Baptista Mambrin3, Raíssa Schwalbert3, Miriam da Silva Tavares4 and Fernando Teixeira Nisoloso3
1Federal University of Santa Maria, Santa Maria, RS, Brazil.
2Regional University of Northwest of Rio Grande do Sul, Ijuí, RS, Brazil.
3Centro De Ensino Superior Riograndense, Marau, RS, Brazil.
4Goias State University, Posse, GO, Brazil.
Abstract
The shorter the duration of the selection process of potato genotypes more efficient in the use of P, the lower the casting time of a new plant variety in the market and its growing field, where effectively verify the reduction of use of phosphate fertilizers, which may help to increase the sustainability of the potato production chain. Therefore, the objective of this study was to determine the time of collection of potato plants grown in a closed system with sand as substrate and subjected to P restriction in nutrient solution aiming at the selection of more efficient genotypes on the P use. For this purpose, seven potato genotypes (SMIC 148-A, Dakota Rose, Sminia 793103-3, SMIB 106-7, 212-3 SMIF, SMIJ 319-1 and P 150), were grown in a closed soilless system with sand as substrate and nutrient solution containing two P levels (low: 2.32mg L-1; and high: 23.2mg L-1). The plants were harvested three sampling times (18, 39 and 62 days after transplanting (DAT)). The data showed that it is not advisable to use the plant growth assessment carried out until 18 DAT for screening of genotypes efficient in the use of phosphorus. However, at 39 DAT most potato genotypes already showed differences in all growth parameters evaluated between P levels, enabling the selection of the most efficient in P use and therefore not necessary cultivation by the end of the crop cycle.
Highlighted Conclusions
1. Selection of potato genotypes for P efficiency based on evaluations performed until 18 days after transplanting is not recommended.
2. At 39 days after transplanting, most potato genotypes already exhibit differences between the levels of P for all growth parameters evaluated, allowing the selection of the most efficient ones with respect to P, thus eliminating the need for cultivation until the end of the crop cycle.